In the international petroleum industry, crude oil products are traded on various oil bourses based on established chemical profiles, delivery locations, and financial terms. The chemical profiles, or crude oil assays, specify important properties such as the oil's API gravity. The delivery locations are usually sea ports close to the oil fields from which the crude was obtained (and new fields are constantly being explored), and the pricing is usually quoted based on F.O.B. (free on board, without consideration of final delivery costs).


Benchmarks

The three most quoted oil products in North America's West Texas Intermediate crude (WTI), North Sea Brent Crude, and the UAE Dubai Crude, and their pricing is used as a barometer for the entire petroleum industry, although, in total, there are 46 key oil exporting countries. Brent Crude is typically priced at about $2 over the WTI Spot price, which is typically priced $5 to $6 above the EIA's Imported Refiner Acquisition Cost (IRAC) and OPEC Basket prices. WTI and Brent are quoted F.O.B specific locations, not F.O.B. the oilfields. For WTI, the delivery point is Cushing, Oklahoma; for Brent, it is Sullom Voe, an island north of Scotland.

Although crude oil assays evaluate various chemical properties of the oil, the two most important properties determining a crude's value are its density (measured as API specific gravity) and its sulphur content (measured per mass). Crude oil is considered "heavy" if it has long hydrocarbon chains, or "light" if it has short hydrocarbon chains: an API gravity of 34 or higher is "light", between 31-33 is "medium", and 30 or below is "heavy". Crude is considered "sweet" if it is low in sulphur content (< 0.5%/weight), or "sour" if high (> 1.0%/weight). Generally, the higher the API gravity (the "lighter" it is), the more valuable the crude.


​List of crude oil products


Product nameAPI gravitySulphur content (as % of mass)Operating companyLocation of fieldPort of sale
Abu Bukhoosh31.6°2.0%Total Abu Al BukhooshAbu DhabiAbu Al-Bukhoosh
Agbami47.2°0.044%ChevronNigeriaoffshore
Aktobe41.6°0.73KazakhstanNovorossiysk
Al Shaheen26.51°2.49%North Oil Company (Qatar)QatarMesaieed
Al-Jurf30.0°1.90%LibyaFarwah FPSO
Alaska North Slope31.9°0.93%United StatesAlaska Marine Terminal
Alba (Equatorial Guinea)53.0°0.02%Equatorial GuineaPunta Europa
Alba (U.K.)19.4°1.24%ChevronUnited Kingdomoffshore
Albian Heavy (Athabasca)19.6°2.10%Canada
Algerian Condensate68.7°0.001Sonatrach, BP and StatoilAlgeriaBejaia
Amenam Blend38.2°0.12%Nigeria
Amenam/Mars Blend33.5°0.94%Nigeria
Ameriven-Hamaca26°1.55%VenezuelaPuerto José
Amna36°0.17%Libya
AnasuriaShellUnited KingdomFPSO Anasuria[1]
Antan Blend26.4°0.27%NigeriaKnock Adoon FPSO/Antan Terminal
Arab Extra Light39.41.09%Saudi Arabia
Arab Heavy27.72.87%Saudi Arabia
Arab Light32.81.97%Saudi Arabia
Arab Light / Seg 17 Blend32.42.19%United States
Arab Medium30.22.59%Saudi Arabia
Arab Super Light50.10.09%Saudi Arabia
Arab Super Light Ardjuna50.6°0.04%
Arun Condensate
Åsgard Blend50.5°0.07%StatoilNorwayoffshore
AttakaIndonesia
Azadegan
Azeri BTC36.1°0.14%BPAzerbaijanCeyhan, Turkey
Azeri Light34.8°0.15%BPAzerbaijanSupsa Terminal, Georgia
BCF-1716.5°2.53%VenezuelaLa Salina
Bạch Hổ33.8°0.08%Vietnam
Bachaquero 1717°2.4%[2]Venezuela
Bachaquero 2424°Venezuela
Balder30.1°0.48%NorwayBalder FPSO
Baobab23°0.39-0.46%Ivory CoastBaobab FPSO
Barrow36.1°0.05%SantosAustraliaBarrow Island
Basrah Blend
Basrah Light30.5°2.90%Iraq
Basrah Light/Mesa 30 Blend (35/65)30.5°1.63%Iraq/USAIraq/USA
Bayou Choctaw Sour32.2°1.43%United States
Bayou Choctaw Sweet36.0°0.36%United States
Bayu Undan55.9°0.07%Australia/East TimorLiberdade FSO
Belanak47.8°0.02%IndonesiaBelanak FPSO
Belayim Blend27.52.40%EgyptWadi Feiran
Belida
Benchamas
Beryl37.50.42%United KingdomBeryl
Bintulu Condensate69.30.03%MalaysiaBintulu
Usan29.90.26%Nigeria
Bonga29.10.26%NigeriaBonga FPSO
Bonito Sour35.5°0.99%United States
Bonny Light33.4°0.16%Nigeria
Bontang Condensate
Boscan10.1°5.70%VenezuelaBajo Grande
Bouri26.3°1.91%LibyaBouri
Bow River24.72.10%Canada
Brass River0.14%Nigeria
Brega39.8°0.20%LibyaBrega
Brent Blend38.3°0.37%United Kingdom
Brunei Light
CPC Blend45.3°0.56%ChevronKazakhstanNovorossiysk
Cabinda32.4°0.13%Angola
Canadian Par40°Canada
Canadon Seco25.7°0.20%[3]ArgentinaCaleta Olivia[4]
Cano Limon30°0.45%ColombiaCovenas
Captain19.2°0.70%United KingdomCaptain FPSO
Ceiba29.9°0.57%Equatorial GuineaSendje Ceiba FPSO
Cepu32°0.15%IndonesiaCepu FSO
Cerro Negro16°3.34%VenezuelaPuerto José
Champion28.7°0.13%BruneiSeria
Chim Sao40.1°0.03%PV OilVietnamChim Sao Marine Terminal
Chinguetti28.3°0.49%MauritaniaBerge Helene FPSO
Cinta31.1°0.09%IndonesiaCinta
Clair23.7°0.44%United KingdomSullom Voe
Cold Lake21.2°3.70%CanadaWestridge Marine Terminal
Cooper45.2°0.03%SantosAustraliaPort Bonython
Cossack47.7°0.05%AustraliaCossack Pioneer FPSO
Cusiana44°0.14%Colombia
DUC33.6°0.26%DenmarkFredericia
Dalia23.6°0.51%Total S.A.Angolaoffshore
Daqing32.2°0.11%ChinaDairen (Dalian)
Dar Blend26.42°0.12%SudanAl-Khayr
Djeno27.0°0.47%CongoDjeno
Doba21.1°0.10%ChadKome Kribi 1 FSO
Doroud34°2.5%IranKharg Island
Draugen39.9°0.15%Shell Oil CompanyNorwayoffshore
Dubai31°2.0%
Dukhan41.1°1.22%QatarUmm Said
Dulang37.6°0.05%MalaysiaDulang FSO
Duri20.8°0.20%IndonesiaDumai
EA Crude35.1°0.08%Nigeria
East MS Mix30.92.10%United States
Ekofisk Blend (Norway)37.2°0.23%Norway
Ekofisk Blend37.5°0.23%ConocoPhillipsUnited KingdomTeesside
El Sharara43.1°0.07%LibyaZawiya terminal
Enfield21.7°0.13%AustraliaNganhurra FPSO
Erha31.8°0.21%NigeriaErha FPSO
Sidra37°Waha Oil CompanyLibyaSidra
Escalante24.1°0.19%ArgentinaComodoro Rivadavia
Escravos34.2°0.17%Nigeria
ESPO blend34.8°0.62%RussiaKozmino
Eugene Island34.3°1.18%United States
Fateh30.4°2.13%Dubai PetroleumDubaiFateh
FifeUnited States
Flotta35.4°1.22%United KingdomFlotta
Foinaven26.6°0.40%United Kingdom
Forcados (to Europe)30.8°0.16%Nigeria
Foroozan Blend29.7°2.34%IranKharg Island
Forties Blend40.3°0.56%BPUnited KingdomHound Point
FulmarShellUnited Kingdom
Furrial30.0°1.06%Venezuela
Galeota Mix37.8°0.19%Trinidad
Gippsland42°ExxonMobilAustraliaLong Island Point
Girassol29.9°0.32%Total S.A.Angolaoffshore
Glitne32.9°0.50%StatoilNorwayoffshore
Grane18.7°0.83%StatoilNorwaySture terminal
Gryphon
Gullfaks Blend37.5°0.22%StatoilNorwayoffshore
Handil Mix43.9°0.05%IndonesiaSenipah
HanzeVeba OilNetherlands
Harding20.7°0.59%United KingdomCromarty Firth
Heavy Hardisty22°3.36%Canada
Heavy Louisiana Sweet32.9°0.35%United States
Heidrun25.0°0.52%StatoilNorwayMongstad terminal
Hibernia34.4°0.41%Canada
Hungo Blend29.1°0.61%ExxonMobilAngolaKizomba A FPSO offshore
Iran Heavy30.2°1.77%IranKharg Island
Iran Light33.1°1.50%IranKharg Island
Isthmus33.4°1.25%MexicoDos Bocas, Salina Cruz
Jasmine
Jotun
Karachaganak Condensate44.7°0.81%KazakhstanNovorossiysk, Odessa
Kashagan42-48°0.80%KazakhstanCeyhan
Khafji28.5°2.85%Saudi Arabian Neutral ZoneRas al-Khafji
Kikeh34.9°0.11%MalaysiaKikeh FPSO
Kirkuk (Netback Price at U.S. Gulf)33.9°2.26%Iraq
Kissanje Blend29.8°0.38%ExxonMobilAngolaKizomba B FPSO offshore
Kitina36.4°0.11%Congo
Kittiwake
Kole32.1°0.33%CameroonKole
Kuito19.0°0.68%AngolaKuito FPSO
Kumkol41.2°0.11%KazakhstanYuzhnaya Ozereevka, Batumi
Kutubu Blend46.6°0.04%Oil SearchPapua New GuineaKumul
Kuwait Blend30.2°2.72%Kuwait Oil CompanyKuwait
Labuan32.0°0.09%MalaysiaLabuan
Laguna10.9°5.4%Petróleos de Venezuela S.A.VenezuelaPuerto Miranda[5]
Laminaria
LA Mississippi Sweet40.7°0.34%United States
Lavan Blend34.21.93%IranLavan Island
Light Louisiana Sweet35.6°0.37%United States
Lion Crude39.6°0.18%Ivory Coast
Liuhua
Liverpool Bay°450.21%United KingdomLiverpool Bay Platform
Lloyd Blend20.9°3.50%Canada
Lower Zakum39.81.02%ADNOC OffshoreAbu DhabiDas Island
Loreto18.11.3%PluspetrolPeruBayovar - Piura
Lufeng33.3°0.06%StatoilChinaoffshore
MacCulloch
Mandji30°Gabon
Marib Light (Alif)48.9°0.07%BPYemen
Marlim19.60.67%PetrobrasBrazilCampos Basin
Mars Blend30.3°1.91%United States
Mars/Mesa Blend (40/60)30.1°1.65%Loop
Mars/Urals Blend (50/50)31.1°1.57%United States
Masila31.4°0.54%YemenAsh Shihr
Maureen35.3°[6]1.3%[6]United Kingdom[7]
Maya21.8°3.33%MexicoCayo Arcas, Salina Cruz
Mayna21.50.5%PluspetrolPeruBayovar - Piura
Medanito34.9°0.48%ArgentinaPuerto Rosales
Mediterranean Sidi Kerir (Heavy)30°Iran
Mediterranean Sidi Kerir (Light)34°Iran
Mesa 3029.4°1.12%Venezuela
Minas35.3°0.09%IndonesiaDumai
Miri32.3°0.08%MalaysiaMiri
Mixed Blend Sweet41.0°0.42%CanadaEdmonton
Mondo28.8°0.44%ExxonMobilAngolaMondo FPSO offshore
Murban40.2°0.79%ADNOC OnshoreAbu DhabiJebel Dhanna
Mutineer Exeter43.4°0.03%SantosAustraliaModec Venture 11 FPSO
Naphtha Koch57.8°0.11%United States
N'kossa41.0°0.04%CongoN'Kossa
NFC II57.95°0.23%QatarRas Laffan
Northwest Shelf Condensate61.2°0.01%AustraliaWithnell Bay
Nang Nuang
Nanhai Light40.1°0.06%ChinaNan Hai Fa Xian FPSO
Napo19°2%EcuadorEsmeraldas
Nemba40.9°0.18%Angola
New Zafiro Blend29.5°0.26%Equatorial GuineaSerpentina FPSO
Nile Blend33.9°0.06%SudanPort Sudan
Njord46.6°0.05%StatoilNorwayoffshore
Norne30.8°0.22%StatoilNorwayoffshore
Nowruz/Soroush18-19°3.4-3.5%IranKharg Island
Odudu30.5°0.15%Nigeria
Oguendjo27.31.50%Gabon
Okono41.9°0.06%Nigeria
Olmeca37.3°0.84%Mexico
Oman Blend34°2.00%Oman
Oriente24.1°1.51%Ecuador
Ormen Lange condensate52.3°0.007%StatoilNorwayNyhamna
Oseberg Blend37.8°0.27%StatoilNorwaySture terminal
Ösgard Blend
Oso Condensate45.7°0.06%Nigeria
Palanca/Soyo Blend37.8°0.16%Angola
Panyu28-32°<0.25%ChinaPanyu FPSO
Peng Lai21.8°0.29%ChinaPeng Lai FPSO
Pennington35°0.08%NigeriaPennington Terminal
Peregrino13.4°1.8%Brazil
Petrozuata Heavy19.5°2.69%[8]PDVSAConoco[9]Venezuela
Pierce
Plutonio32.6º0.39%[10]BPAngola
Port Hudson45.0°0.05%United States
Poseidon Streams29.6°1.97%BPUnited StatesHouma[11]
Premium Albian35.5°0.04%Canada
Qatar Marine35.8°1.47%QatarHalul Island
Qua Iboe36.3°0.14%Nigeria
Rabi Light37.7°0.15%Gabon
Rang Dong37.7°0.05%VietnamRang Dong FPSO
Rincon35.8°0.39%ArgentinaSan Vincente, Chile
Rio Grande do Norte29.5°0.33%PetrobrasBrazil
Ross
Saharan Blend45°0.09%SonatrachAlgeriaArzew, Bejaia and Skikda
Santa Barbara39.5°0.49%Venezuela
Sarir37.6°0.16%LibyaMarsa El Hariga
Saudi Arabia Heavy27°Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia Light34°Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia Medium31°Saudi Arabia
Saxi Batuque Blend32.8°0.32%ExxonMobilAngolaSaxi Batuque FPSO offshore
Schiehallion Blend25.5°0.47%BPUnited KingdomSullom Voe
Senipah51.9°0.03%IndonesiaSenipah
Seria Light36.2°0.08%Brunei
Seria Light Export
Shah Deniz Condensate47°0.03%AzerbaijanCeyhan
Shengli24.2°0.84%ChinaQingdao
Siberian Light35.1°0.57%RussiaTuapse
Sincor30-32°0.13%VenezuelaPuerto José
Siri38.1°0.22%DenmarkSiri
Sirri33.4°1.81%IranSirri Island
Sirtica42.2°0.40%LibyaBrega
Sleipner Condensate62.0°0.02%StatoilNorwayKårstø
Snorre
Snøhvit Condensate60.1°0.019%StatoilNorwayMelkøya
Sokol (Sakhalin I)37.9°0.23%RussiaDeKastri
Souedieh24.1°3.90%SyriaBanias, Tartous
South Arne37.71°0.21%Denmark
Southern Green Canyon30.4°2.24%United StatesPort ArthurTexas and Texas City, Texas
South Louisiana Sweet35.9°0.33%United States
Stag18.5°0.14%ApacheAustraliaStag Marine Facility
Statfjord39.1°0.22%StatoilNorwayoffshore
Su Tu Den (Black Lion)36°0.04%PV OilVietnamSu Tu Den Terminal
Suez Blend30.8°1.49%EgyptRas Shukheir
Syncrude Sweet Blend30.5-33.6°0.07-0.13%Canada
Syrian Light37.7°0.74%SyriaBanias, Tartous
Tapis Blend45.2°0.03%MalaysiaTapis
Tempa Rossa
Tengiz46.4°0.51%ChevronKazakhstanOdessaBatumiKuleviTaman
Terra Nova33.20.48%CanadaWhiffen Head
Thamama Condensate58.4°0.11%ADNOC OnshoreAbu DhabiJebel Dhanna
Tia Juana Heavy11°2.66%VenezuelaPunta Cardon
Tia Juana Light31.9°1.18%VenezuelaLas Salinas
Triton37.5°0.32%United KingdomTriton FPSO
Troll Blend35.8°0.21%StatoilNorwayMongstad terminal
Turkmen Blend33.0°0.15-0.29%TurkmenistanAladzha, Okarem
Ukpokiti41.7°0.08%Conoco PhillipsNigeriaTrinity Spirit FPSO
Umm Shaif36.5°1.39ADNOC OffshoreAbu DhabiDas Island
Upper Zakum32.9°1.78%ADNOC OffshoreAbu DhabiZirku Island
Urals (to Mediterranean)31.7°1.35%Russia / C.I.S.
Urucu42.1°0.09%PetrobrasBrazilUrucu
Varg37.9°0.23%TalismanNorwayoffshore
Vasconia24.5°0.95%Colombia
Vityaz (Sakhalin II)34.6°0.22%RussiaMolikpaq-Prigorodnoye
Volve27.9°1.8%StatoilNorwayoffshore
Wafra24.5°3.80%Saudi Arabian Neutral ZoneMina Saud
West Seno38°0.12%IndonesiaSantan
West Texas Intermediate39.6°0.24%United StatesCushing, Oklahoma
West Texas Sour31.7°1.28%United StatesMidland, Texas
Western Canadian Select20.3°3.43%CanadaHardisty
White Rose29.8°0.32%CanadaSeaRose FPSO
Widuri33.2°0.07%IndonesiaWiduri
Williams Sugarland Blend40.9°0.20%United States
Wytch FarmPerencoUnited KingdomHamble
Xikomba34.7°0.39%ExxonMobilAngolaoffshore
Yoho Crude39.3°0.08%Nigeria
Zakum40.2°1.01%Abu DhabiDas Island
Zarzaitine42.8°0.06%AlgeriaLa Skhirra, Tunisia
Puerto José32°0.13%Total S.A.VenezuelaJose terminal
Zuwetina41.5°0.31%LibyaZuwetina, Libya

WTI and Brent Crude Oil Prices

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